Magnesium Absorption in Float Tanks: Myth or Medicine?

Float therapy—soaking in a float tank filled with Epsom salt—has surged in popularity as a wellness trend. People flock to these sensory deprivation tanks not only for deep relaxation but also for the purported health benefits of magnesium-rich water. Epsom salt float therapy immerses the body in magnesium sulfate, and many float spa enthusiasts claim this leads to magnesium absorption through the skin, helping with muscle recovery, stress reduction, and better sleep. But does magnesium absorb through the skin in meaningful amounts, or is this benefit more myth than reality? In this article, we dive into the science of transdermal magnesium absorption, review current research (from peer-reviewed studies to dermatologist opinions and float industry perspectives), and compare float tanks to oral supplements or magnesium “oil” sprays. By the end, we’ll give a verdict on whether float tank magnesium absorption is a myth, partially true, or a legitimate health boost.

Table of Contents

• Introduction – Why float therapy and magnesium are a hot topic

• How Transdermal Magnesium Absorption Works – The science of skin and magnesium

• What the Research Says – Studies, expert opinions, and float industry perspectives

• Visual Data – Magnesium Absorption Chart (Research Findings)

• Float Tanks vs. Oral Supplements vs. Magnesium Oil – Comparing magnesium sources

• Beyond Magnesium: Float Tank Health Benefits – Other benefits of Epsom salt floats

• Conclusion: Magnesium in Float Therapy – Myth or Medicine? – Final verdict and takeaways

Introduction

Float tanks (also known as flotation therapy or REST – Restricted Environmental Stimulation Therapy) have become a fixture in wellness centers and spas. In a typical float session, you lie effortlessly in warm water infused with a massive amount of Epsom salt (magnesium sulfate) – often around 1,000 pounds of it in a commercial tank. This high-density, buoyant saltwater eliminates gravity on your joints and creates a womb-like relaxation environment. It’s no surprise that float therapy has grown into a multi-billion dollar global market as people seek natural relief from stress and muscle aches.

One key selling point of floatation therapy is the magnesium content of Epsom salt. Magnesium is an essential mineral involved in 300+ biochemical reactions in the body. It supports muscle and nerve function, regulates blood pressure, aids protein synthesis, and more. Modern lifestyles, chronic stress, and poor diets leave many people deficient in magnesium, which can lead to muscle cramps, fatigue, insomnia, headaches, and anxiety. The idea of replenishing magnesium levels by soaking in an Epsom salt float is therefore very appealing – it bypasses the digestive system and (the claim goes) delivers magnesium directly through the skin to muscles and cells that need it.

But is there solid science behind these claims? Advocates point out that transdermal magnesium absorption (absorbing magnesium through skin) could provide benefits without the laxative side effects of high-dose oral supplements. Skeptics, however, note that skin is designed as a barrier, and question whether magnesium ions can really penetrate in significant amounts. In this article, we’ll explore “Epsom salt float therapy magnesium” absorption from all angles. We’ll look at how transdermal absorption works biologically, what research studies and experts have found, how float tanks compare to taking magnesium by mouth or via topical sprays, and what other float tank health benefits exist independent of magnesium. Let’s dive in.

How Transdermal Magnesium Absorption Works

Before judging the float tank claims, it helps to understand the basics of transdermal absorption – how substances cross the skin. Human skin is composed of multiple layers, the outermost being the stratum corneum, which is a tough, lipid-rich barrier. Its job is to keep outside things out and inside things in. As some scientists note, the stratum corneum is largely water-repellent, making it difficult for charged mineral ions like magnesium (Mg²⁺) to slip through. In other words, our skin is more of a shield than a sponge. This is why delivering drugs through the skin (via patches or creams) is notoriously challenging – even experts in dermatology and biochemistry emphasize how “darn hard” it is to get substances across the skin barrier.

However, “difficult” does not mean “impossible.” Certain pathways do exist for substances to penetrate the skin. For example, very small lipophilic (fat-loving) molecules can diffuse through the stratum corneum. Water-soluble ions like magnesium, on the other hand, may gain entry through tiny channels such as hair follicles and sweat glands. In fact, research has shown that these appendages play a significant role in magnesium’s permeability. A 2016 study from the University of Queensland found that magnesium ions can penetrate into and across the stratum corneum, especially with higher concentrations and longer exposure time – and a significant portion of this absorption (up to ~40%) occurs via hair follicles. Blocking the hair follicles greatly reduced magnesium uptake, confirming them as important “gateways” in the skin’s armor.

Another factor influencing transdermal uptake is the condition of the skin. Hydrated, warm skin with open pores can absorb substances more readily than cold, dry skin. The float tank environment happens to optimize some of these conditions: the water is heated to skin temperature (~35°C) which helps dilate pores, and soaking for an extended period (60–90 minutes) gives more time for any absorption to occur. Additionally, float tank water is far more concentrated with magnesium sulfate than a normal bath at home (commercial floats use hundreds of kilograms of Epsom salt, creating a near-saturated solution). Concentration and time are key drivers of diffusion – the higher the magnesium gradient between the water and your skin, and the longer the contact, the more magnesium might seep in.

It’s also important to note what makes transdermal magnesium attractive to some people. Because it bypasses the gut, it is often touted as gentler on the digestive system. High-dose oral magnesium supplements commonly cause diarrhea or stomach cramps due to unabsorbed salts in the intestines. Transdermal application (whether via a float, a magnesium chloride “oil” spray, or a cream) sidesteps the gastrointestinal tract entirely. This means if significant magnesium can cross the skin, it could raise magnesium levels without triggering the laxative effect. This theoretical advantage has driven a market of magnesium creams, oils, float baths, and patches in recent years. The question remains: how much magnesium actually makes it through the skin and into circulation?

What the Research Says: Studies and Expert Opinions

So, is the transdermal magnesium absorption claim backed by science? The current research is mixed, and interpretations differ between advocates and skeptics. Here’s a summary of what we know from peer-reviewed studies, dermatologist opinions, and float industry perspectives:

• Anecdotal and Early Evidence: For decades, people have reported feeling relaxed and less sore after Epsom salt baths, attributing this to magnesium. A small pilot experiment in 2006 by Dr. R. H. Waring at the University of Birmingham (UK) often gets cited in float communities. In that informal study, volunteers took daily hot Epsom salt baths for a week. Waring reported that blood magnesium levels rose in most participants over the 7 days, and sulfate levels increased as well. On average, plasma magnesium went up roughly 35% from baseline by the end of the week, and even after a single 12-minute bath a modest increase was seen. In those whose blood magnesium didn’t increase, urine tests showed a large spike in magnesium excretion, implying the magnesium had entered the body and was being dumped by the kidneys. Prolonged soaking in Epsom salts, therefore, appeared to permit magnesium absorption in this sample.

• Limitations of Early Study: It must be emphasized that Waring’s bath study, while intriguing, was not a randomized controlled trial. It had no placebo group and was not published in a peer-reviewed journal. Essentially, it’s a well-known anecdotal report. As one wellness writer put it, the findings were “interesting but far from definitive." The lack of rigorous controls means we should be cautious – for instance, simply spending a week taking daily warm baths might alter hydration or hormone levels that affect magnesium distribution, independent of any absorption. So while prolonged Epsom baths increased magnesium in blood and urine in that small sample, we can’t be certain how much came from the water versus normal physiology. This set the stage for more research.

• Controlled Studies – Mixed Results: In the years since, a handful of controlled studies have examined topical or transdermal magnesium. One peer-reviewed pilot trial (2017) tested a magnesium chloride cream on human subjects for 2 weeks. Participants applied a relatively low dose (56 mg elemental Mg per day) to their skin, and the researchers measured blood and 24-hour urine magnesium before and after. The magnesium-cream group saw an average 8.5% rise in serum magnesium (from ~0.82 to 0.89 mmol/L), whereas a placebo cream group saw only a ~2% rise (0.77 to 0.79 mmol/L). This suggested some absorption from the magnesium cream. However, the difference wasn’t statistically significant in the full sample; it only reached significance in a subgroup analysis of non-athletes (possibly because athletes in the study had higher baseline magnesium or differences in skin). Urine magnesium excretion also increased slightly in the Mg group (about +9%) but not significantly. The study concluded that while there was a trend toward magnesium absorption through the skin, the dose was small and results were borderline; higher doses or longer duration might yield more measurable effects. In short, a transdermal magnesium cream showed promise, but not definitively.

  Another study in 2016 focused on how magnesium penetrates the skin by using excised human skin and advanced imaging. Researchers in Australia (Chandrasekaran et al., published in Magnesium Research) demonstrated that magnesium does permeate into the skin given sufficient concentration and time, and confirmed that hair follicles significantly facilitate this process. They observed magnesium ions making it past the stratum corneum, especially when follicles were open and when exposure time was extended. This gave a mechanistic basis to the idea of transdermal absorption – essentially proving it is physically possible. Importantly though, this was not a trial measuring how much magnesium reaches the bloodstream; it was more about skin absorption in principle.

• Expert Dermatologist Opinions: Many dermatologists and physicians remain skeptical that float tanks or Epsom baths can raise magnesium levels enough to matter. Dr. Nicholas Theodosakis, a dermatologist at Harvard Medical School, bluntly stated, “It doesn’t make a lot of sense. The skin is mostly a barrier, not a sponge.” He points out that if boosting magnesium is the goal, “the gut is designed to absorb things…it’s kind of the opposite of the skin in that way.” Indeed, the efficient route for magnesium is through diet or oral supplements – our intestines readily take up magnesium (though only a fraction of a large dose gets absorbed, and the rest can cause diarrhea). From an evidence-based medicine standpoint, experts note there is no definitive clinical evidence that soaking in Epsom salt leads to clinically significant magnesium absorption. The Mayo Clinic’s Dr. Jesse Bracamonte adds that while warm baths can certainly relax muscles and ease aches, “whether Epsom salt improves this is yet to be fully understood due to a lack of research and evidence.” In other words, any benefit might simply be the hot water and relaxation at work, rather than magnesium entering the body.

• Float Industry Perspective and Anecdotes: Within the float therapy community, there is understandable enthusiasm for the idea that float tank health benefits include magnesium absorption. Float center owners and float enthusiasts often cite the above studies as validation. For instance, when the University of Queensland team reported that magnesium can be absorbed via hair follicles, some float advocates hailed it as “scientific validation for what was previously a point of contention”, solidifying a physiological basis for float benefits. Many float centers highlight that their tanks provide an optimized transdermal magnesium experience: warm water + very high Epsom salt concentration + long exposure – conditions more extreme than a casual home bath. Anecdotally, floaters frequently report outcomes consistent with magnesium’s known effects: better sleep, reduced muscle soreness, calmer mood, and even improved skin conditions. “I feel less sore, sleep better, and deeply calm for days after a float,” is a common sentiment, which float proponents say “aligns with what you’d expect from increased magnesium levels.” Athletes often credit float sessions for faster recovery and reduced muscle cramps, attributing this to magnesium’s muscle-relaxing and anti-inflammatory roles. It’s important to note, these anecdotal improvements are real and meaningful to float users, but whether they come from magnesium absorption or from the profound relaxation and weightlessness of floating (or a placebo effect) is still not fully determined.

• Scientific Reviews – Skeptical Tone: The most critical take comes from comprehensive reviews of the topic. A 2017 review in the journal Nutrients titled “Myth or Reality – Transdermal Magnesium?” examined all available literature and concluded that “the propagation of transdermal magnesium is scientifically unsupported.” The authors point out that while oral magnesium supplementation is well-proven for correcting deficiency, the trend of magnesium sprays, oils, and baths has outpaced the evidence. They found little robust data to show that magnesium can be absorbed in sufficient quantities through intact skin to significantly impact magnesium status. In their view, many of the transdermal claims are more marketing than science at this point. It’s worth noting, however, that this review came just as some of the newer studies (like the magnesium cream trial) were emerging. The landscape is slowly evolving as more research is conducted.

In summary, current research on transdermal magnesium absorption is inconclusive. We have some indications that magnesium can penetrate the skin (especially under optimal conditions or with repeated exposure), and small studies that hint at rises in magnesium levels. On the other hand, no large rigorous clinical trial has definitively shown that float therapy or topical magnesium can correct a systemic magnesium deficiency or outperform oral supplements. Science hasn’t fully confirmed widespread magnesium absorption through the skin yet, but it also hasn’t ruled it out entirely. This leaves us in a gray area – one where personal experience and individual variation play a big role. Some people may absorb more than others depending on skin characteristics, duration, etc. With that in mind, let’s compare floating in magnesium sulfate to other ways of getting your magnesium.

Float Tanks vs. Oral Supplements vs. Magnesium Oil

How does an hour in a magnesium-rich float tank stack up against swallowing a magnesium supplement or rubbing on a magnesium oil? Each route has its pros and cons:

• Oral Magnesium (Dietary Supplements): Taking magnesium by mouth (as pills, powders, or foods) is the most direct way to increase your body’s magnesium levels. Magnesium supplements are widely available (common forms include magnesium citrate, glycinate, oxide, etc.), and they have documented efficacy in raising blood magnesium and improving symptoms of deficiency. For example, a typical supplement dose (200–400 mg) can significantly boost magnesium intake – whereas by comparison, a float session doesn’t have a measured “dose” but likely delivers much less magnesium into the body. The digestive tract efficiently absorbs a portion of ingested magnesium; any excess beyond what the gut can absorb will stay in the intestines and draw water, often causing loose stools. GI side effects are the main drawback of oral magnesium. Health authorities note that high doses of magnesium supplements frequently lead to diarrhea or stomach cramps, due to osmotic effects of unabsorbed magnesium salts. For individuals with sensitive stomachs or absorption issues, this can be a limiting factor. That said, oral supplementation is reliable – if someone is truly magnesium deficient, regular supplements or magnesium-rich foods (green vegetables, nuts, seeds, beans) are usually recommended as the first-line solution. The gut is simply designed to uptake nutrients, whereas skin is not. Cost is another consideration: magnesium pills are inexpensive, whereas float sessions can be pricey.

• Transdermal Magnesium Oil/Sprays: Magnesium “oil” isn’t actually an oil, but a concentrated solution of magnesium chloride that has an oily feel. It’s applied by spraying or rubbing onto the skin. Many users apply it to sore muscles or on the feet and leave it for 20-30 minutes. The appeal is that it bypasses the gut, thus no digestive upset, and it can be used daily. Some people with chronic muscle cramps or athletes use magnesium oil as part of their routine. However, as with float baths, the question is how much magnesium really enters circulation this way. Small studies (and lots of customer testimonials) claim improvements in magnesium status with daily transdermal use, but independent research is sparse. One notable pilot found a 59.5% increase in cellular magnesium (measured via hair analysis) after 12 weeks of daily magnesium chloride spray, though that study lacked placebo control and was funded by a magnesium product company. A more controlled trial (the 2017 PLOS One study discussed earlier) showed a modest 8% serum increase with magnesium cream over 2 weeks. User experience: Many who try magnesium oil report a tingling or itching sensation on the skin upon application. This is common, especially with higher concentrations or if you have dry or freshly shaved skin. The tingling is thought to be due to the magnesium salts attracting moisture (it can leave a salt residue as it dries) and interacting with nerve endings. It’s usually harmless and subsides as the skin adjusts, but it can be irritating. Using too much magnesium oil or a very strong solution may cause itchiness or stinging until washed off. Some people dilute the oil or apply it over a moisturizer to reduce this. Transdermal magnesium products are still relatively new and not regulated as drugs, so their efficacy is not guaranteed despite marketing claims.

• Float Tank Soaks: Floating in an Epsom salt tank can be thought of as a full-body magnesium immersion. Unlike spraying a small area of skin, a float exposes nearly every inch of your skin to magnesium sulfate for an extended period. The total magnesium available is enormous (hundreds of grams dissolved in the water), but remember, absorption is limited by the skin’s properties. One could speculate that a 60-minute float might deliver more magnesium into the body than, say, a 5-minute application of magnesium oil on the feet – simply due to greater exposure area and time. Indeed, float advocates argue that if transdermal absorption works at all, a float tank is the ideal way to do it. The water’s warmth keeps skin pores open, and all that magnesium has plenty of time to diffuse in. However, even if some magnesium gets in, it might not translate to a large increase in blood levels after just one float. In Waring’s bath study, a single 12-minute soak gave only a small bump in plasma magnesium (which then grew with each subsequent day of soaking). So a one-off float might have minimal impact on magnesium status, whereas regular floats (e.g. multiple times a week) could potentially have a cumulative effect. On the positive side, floating is extremely relaxing – you’re getting benefits of meditation, stress reduction, and pain relief that go beyond magnesium itself. There’s no risk of diarrhea or digestive upset, and most people find floats enjoyable. The downsides are cost and access: floats can be expensive and require a spa visit (or owning a tank), so you’re not going to do it daily like you could with a supplement. Also, people with certain conditions (open wounds, severe skin issues, very low blood pressure, etc.) might be advised against floating due to risk of irritation or other concerns. Generally though, a healthy individual can float weekly and likely only gain benefits.

• Magnesium Absorption Efficiency: If we compare efficiency, oral magnesium (especially in easily absorbed forms) probably delivers the most magnesium into the bloodstream per dose, albeit with diminishing returns if you take too much at once (due to elimination via bowels). Transdermal routes deliver more slowly and perhaps in smaller quantities, but they can be gentler. An interesting point is that transdermal magnesium might primarily benefit local tissues (like muscles or skin) at the site of application even if blood levels don’t rise dramatically. For instance, if magnesium is absorbed into the skin and muscles underneath, it might help those muscles relax or reduce local inflammation without significantly elevating serum magnesium. Some dermatologists have suggested that while magnesium bath soaks may not cure a systemic magnesium deficiency, they could “deliver cations to the skin and restore ionic balance needed for skin barrier function.” In floats, people with eczema or psoriasis have reported improvements in their skin after sessions – possibly due to magnesium’s anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties on the skin surface. In other words, magnesium may be doing something beneficial at the skin level even if very little is transferred into the blood.

• Practical Advice: If your primary goal is to increase magnesium for health reasons (say you have a diagnosed deficiency or muscle cramps from low magnesium), relying solely on float therapy is not advisable. It can be one part of your magnesium replenishment plan, but you should also focus on a magnesium-rich diet and/or physician-recommended supplements. Think of floating as a complement rather than your main magnesium source. On the other hand, if you struggle with oral supplements due to GI side effects, incorporating transdermal methods (magnesium baths, foot soaks, oils or floats) might allow you to get a gentle top-up of magnesium without upsetting your stomach. Many people take a combined approach: they use oral magnesium in moderate doses and add occasional Epsom soaks or float sessions for the added relaxation and potential small boost in magnesium. There’s also the consideration of what else you get from each method: swallowing a pill gives you magnesium and nothing more; floating gives you an hour of profound rest, sensory relief, mindfulness, and so on – benefits that go well beyond magnesium.

Beyond Magnesium: Float Tank Health Benefits

Even if transdermal magnesium absorption from float tanks turns out to be minimal or variable, that doesn’t diminish the value of float therapy. Float tanks offer a host of health benefits that are well-documented, primarily related to stress relief, mental health, and pain reduction. It’s important to put the magnesium question in context: floatation REST is a powerful relaxation tool. Research on floatation therapy has shown significant reductions in stress and anxiety levels in both healthy individuals and those with anxiety disorders. The zero-gravity effect of floating relaxes muscle tension, and cortisol (the stress hormone) tends to drop while parasympathetic (“rest and digest”) activity increases. This shift out of the “fight or flight” state can break the vicious cycle of stress-related pain and poor sleep.

Clinical studies have also found floats can help with chronic pain conditions and muscle recovery. For example, patients with fibromyalgia experienced decreased pain and muscle tension after float sessions, with improvements accumulating over multiple floats. Other research noted that float therapy can alleviate stress-related muscle pain and even improve symptoms of depression and anxiety that often accompany chronic pain. In short, people report coming out of the tank not only with their bodies feeling looser and lighter, but also with a calmer, more positive mental state. Sleep quality often improves following float sessions – possibly due to both the magnesium’s calming effect and the deep relaxation achieved. In fact, floating is being explored as a therapy for insomnia and PTSD because of its unique ability to quiet the nervous system.

Float tanks also benefit the skin and musculoskeletal system simply by virtue of the Epsom salt solution. The magnesium sulfate-rich water has anecdotally helped some individuals with eczema, psoriasis, or arthritis. The sulfate component may assist in drawing out impurities and has been linked to detoxification pathways, though evidence is mostly anecdotal. At the very least, soaking in the sterile, mineral-rich solution softens the skin. And for the musculoskeletal system, an hour without gravitational pressure (you’re essentially weightless) allows joints and spine to decompress – many people with back or neck pain find relief after floating for this reason alone.

The takeaway here is that float therapy’s benefits don’t live or die by magnesium absorption. Even if future research found that virtually zero magnesium crosses the skin (a conclusion that current evidence does not fully support, as we’ve seen), floating would still be a valuable wellness practice for relaxation, mental health, and pain management. The magnesium-rich environment likely contributes indirectly to some of these benefits (for instance, by soothing the skin, or possibly providing a mild muscle relaxant effect at the surface), but it’s part of a larger therapeutic package. Float therapy combines sensory deprivation, meditation, and mineral bathing all in one. So, whether the magnesium component is a major player or a minor one, the overall experience can be profoundly helpful for many people.

Conclusion: Magnesium in Float Therapy – Myth or Medicine?

After examining the evidence, we find that magnesium absorption in float tanks is partially true – not pure myth, but not a fully proven medical benefit either. There is a kernel of truth: magnesium can penetrate the skin under the right circumstances, and small studies show it’s possible to raise magnesium levels or see related benefits from transdermal exposure. The float tank, with its warm, concentrated Epsom salt solution, likely allows a bit of magnesium to seep into your body during a session. However, the current scientific consensus is that you probably won’t absorb a large or fast-acting dose of magnesium through your skin. In other words, floating in Epsom salt is not a substitute for consuming magnesium if you have a deficiency or need substantial replenishment. The skin simply isn’t as efficient as the gut for nutrient absorption, and claims that transdermal magnesium is “superior to oral” are not supported by solid evidence.

So where does that leave us? For most people, float therapy’s biggest wins are the mental and physical relaxation benefits, with magnesium absorption being a possible small bonus. If you enjoy floats and come out feeling rejuvenated, you’re certainly getting real value – it might be the magnesium, the mindfulness, the muscle-unwinding, or all of the above. If you were drawn to floating primarily to boost magnesium, keep your expectations realistic: think of it as a gentle assist to your magnesium intake, not a magic bullet. You can absolutely incorporate Epsom salt baths or floats into a wellness routine (many do) – they are safe and have virtually no side effects – but if you have serious magnesium deficiency symptoms, also consider dietary changes or supplements in consultation with a healthcare provider.

In the end, the question “Magnesium absorption in float tanks: myth or medicine?” doesn’t have a black-and-white answer. It’s partly a myth in that some marketing claims oversell the idea (making it sound like floating will load you up with magnesium far better than any pill, which isn’t proven). But it’s also partly legitimate in that there is a plausible mechanism and some evidence of benefit (especially over repeated sessions, transdermal magnesium might contribute to improved magnesium status or at least local muscle relief). The truth lies in the middle.

Final verdict: Enjoy float tanks for the holistic relaxation and therapy they provide. Consider any magnesium you absorb as an added perk – potentially helpful, but not guaranteed or easily measurable. If floating makes you feel good, that’s what ultimately counts for wellness. As one float center aptly put it, “Whether magnesium crosses through your skin in large amounts or works more subtly at the surface, the experience offers undeniable value.” Sometimes it’s less about the lab numbers and more about how you feel after doing it. And float therapy, myth or medicine aside, tends to leave people feeling better. Happy floating!

References

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• Chandrasekaran, N. et al. (2016). “Permeation of topically applied magnesium ions through human skin is facilitated by hair follicles.” Magnesium Research, 29(2): 35-42. (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov).

• Kass, L. et al. (2017). “Effect of transdermal magnesium cream on serum and urinary magnesium levels in humans: A pilot study.” PLOS ONE, 12(4): e0174817. (journals.plos.org).

• Gröber, U. et al. (2017). “Myth or Reality – Transdermal Magnesium?” Nutrients, 9(8): 813 (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov).

• Altered States Wellness. (2023). “Can You Really Absorb Magnesium Through Your Skin in a Float Tank?” (Blog article) (alteredstateswellness.com).

• Float Hub UK. (2021). “The Proven Science & Benefits of Float Therapy: Fact vs Fiction” (Blog) (floathub.co.uk).

• Handwerk, B. (2024). “Love Epsom salt baths? Here’s how they affect your body, according to science.” National Geographic (nationalgeographic.com)

• NIH Office of Dietary Supplements – Magnesium Fact Sheet (2022) (ods.od.nih.gov).

• Harrogate Organics. “Side Effects of Using Magnesium Oil on Your Feet” (Blog) (harrogateorganics.co.uk).

• CADTH (2021). Floatation Therapy for Mental Health Conditions – Key findings from trials (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov).

• Breus, M. (2019). “The Many Benefits of Floatation Therapy.” Psychology Today (psychologytoday.com).